Under which condition can counselors break confidentiality?

Counselors are required to maintain client confidentiality as a fundamental ethical obligation; however, there are specific circumstances under which breaching confidentiality is permissible to protect the client or others. The correct choice emphasizes the counselor’s duty to safeguard individuals from foreseeable harm. This includes situations where a client poses a risk of harming themselves or others, as outlined in both ethical guidelines and state laws. Counselors must navigate these complexities while prioritizing safety and welfare in their practice.

Confidentiality cannot be violated merely for the sake of sharing success stories, as this does not address a risk of harm. Additionally, breaking confidentiality "for the benefit of the counseling process" is vague and may not meet the established legal or ethical standards. Likewise, a client's expression of dissatisfaction does not warrant a breach of trust; instead, it should be addressed through appropriate dialogue and therapeutic strategies within the established confidential relationship.